Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.) is an introduced grass used extensively for rangeland revegetation in the semiarid and arid regions of western North America. The long-term effects of crested wheatgrass on soil properties and plant community were evaluated on 5 grazed sites in the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada, Each site included plant communities of native bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Scribn, & Smith) and 14- to 60-year-old stands of crested wheatgrass, Soil samples and plant data were collected in June 1997, Species numbers were similar for native and crested wheatgrass rangelands, while the diversity index of crested wheatgrass rangeland was lower due to lower evenness. Crested wheatgrass and native grasses were observed to produce similar amounts of root biomass, Most soil properties were similar under the 2 rangelands. One of the exceptions was soil carbon at 0–7.5 and 7.5–15 cm depths, which was higher on crested wheatgrass than native rangeland. Soil nitrogen at 15–30 cm depth was also higher on crested wheatgrass rangeland, Greater soil penetration resistance was observed at 7.5 and 9 cm depths on crested wheatgrass than native rangeland, Higher soil compaction was caused by grazing of crested wheatgrass earlier in the season when soils are wetter relative to the native rangeland, The results of this study indicate that seeding of crested wheatgrass combined with the long-term grazing by cattle did not result in the degradation of soil properties, but plant diversity was reduced relative to grazed native, bluebunch wheatgrass rangeland.

Journal of Range Management, volume 53, issue 3, pages 353-358

aggregate stability, bluebunch wheatgrass, penetration resistance, prairie, root biomass

(Abstract not available.)

Farmwest.com

(Abstract not available.)

(Abstract not available.)

(Abstract not available.)

Discussion about bio-char in blog.

(Abstract not available.)

carbon credits for global exchanging. For carbon credits for people, see individual carbon exchanging. For deliberate plans, see carbon balance. A carbon credit is a non specific term for any tradable testament or grant speaking to one side to emanate one ton of carbon dioxide or the mass of anothergreenhouse gas with a carbon dioxide comparable (tCO2e) proportionate to one ton of carbon dioxide. Carbon credits and carbon markets are a part of national and worldwide endeavors to moderate the development in convergences of nursery gases(GHGs). One carbon credit is equivalent to one ton of carbon dioxide, or in a few markets, carbon dioxide identical gasses. Carbon exchanging is an utilization of an emanations exchanging methodology. Nursery gas discharges are topped and afterward markets are utilized to designate the emanations among the gathering of managed sources.\r\n

Weekly Science, volume 2, issue 1

(Abstract not available.)

(Abstract not available.)

farmcentre.com, pages 1-2

Grazing cattle on forest plantations in the interior of British Columbia is a common practice. Soil compaction can occur following cattle use, although this may vary with stocking rate, vegetation type and age, soil type, soil water content, and climate. Several studies have shown that increased soil compaction can have a negative impact on growth of young tree seedlings and on productivity in older plantations. These negative impacts result from restricted root development, reduced water and nutrient availability, and reduced soil aeration. This study evaluated the effects of cattle grazing and domestic forage seeding on soil bulk density and soil penetration resistance (pr) in lodgepole pine plantations in the Montane Spruce very dry cool biogeoclimatic subzone. The study was replicated on three sites near Kamloops, {B.C.}

It has long been known that alkaloid composition and concentration in plants are affected by the stage of growth and by factors at the growing site of the plant. There is, however, a lack of knowledge on the environmental factors that elicit the physiological response of alkaloid-containing plants. A 3-year survey (1992 to 1994) was conducted on the levels of zygacine and methyllycaconitine, the major neurotoxic alkaloids of death camas (Zigadenus venenosus) and low larkspur (Delphinium nuttallianum), respectively. The alkaloid levels of both species do not exhibit diurnal fluctuations, so precise sampling times during the day were not required. Both poisonous species grew in overlapping communities at 2 of the 7 sampling sites. The levels of both types of alkaloids showed similar contrasts at both sites. Lower alkaloid accumulations were associated with site conditions that reduced soil moisture stress and zygacine levels were negatively correlated with soil moisture levels at 6.5 and 14 cm sampling depths. There were no significant correlations or obvious associations between soil temperature and alkaloid levels in either death camas or low larkspur. As expected, higher alkaloid levels were associated with earlier stages of growth in both plants.

Journal of Range Management, volume 52, issue 2, pages 127-131

delphinium nuttallianum, moisture stress, norditerpenoid alkaloids, poisonous plants, zigadenus, zigadenus venenosus, zygacine, zygadenus-venenosus